Bipolar Disorder
- Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition where people experience extreme mood swings. These swings can include highs (known as mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These changes can affect energy, sleep, and behavior.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
1. Bipolar I: Includes severe manic episodes that may require hospitalization, often with periods of depression.
2. Bipolar II: Milder manic episodes (hypomania) and episodes of depression.
3. Cyclothymia: Periods of mood swings that are less intense but last longer.
Symptoms
During Highs (Mania/Hypomania):
• Feeling unusually happy or irritable
• Needing less sleep
• Talking quickly or having racing thoughts
• Doing risky things like spending too much money
During Lows (Depression):
• Feeling very sad or hopeless
• Loss of interest in things you used to enjoy
• Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much
• Thoughts about death or suicide
Causes
The exact cause of bipolar disorder isn’t known, but it may be linked to genetics and brain chemistry. Stressful life events or trauma can also trigger episodes in some people.
Treatment
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition, but treatment can help manage the symptoms. Treatment usually includes:
• Medications: Mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and sometimes antipsychotics to manage mood swings.
• Therapy: Talking to a therapist can help manage symptoms and cope with daily challenges.
• Lifestyle: Regular routines for sleep, exercise, and diet can help keep moods stable.
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